概述 Overview

礦用一般型電壓保護開關柜( 簡稱GKYB-10(A)) 適用于非煤礦山配電房內(nèi)，用來對電網(wǎng)中出現(xiàn)的各種過電壓進行限制，可提高電網(wǎng)運行的安全性和供電的可靠性。該裝置可取代過去常用電壓互感器柜。

The general voltage protection switchgear for mining (GKYB-10 (A) for short) is suitable for use in non coal mine distribution rooms to limit various overvoltages in the power grid, which can improve the safety of power grid operation and the reliability of power supply. This device can replace the commonly used voltage transformer cabinets in the past.

技術數(shù)據(jù) Technical data

額定電壓( 電壓)(kV):10(12)

額定頻率(Hz):50

電源電壓:AC/DC 220V+10%

通訊接口:RS485 或RS32

通訊協(xié)議:MODBUS

Rated voltage (maximum voltage) (kV): 10 (12)

Rated frequency (Hz): 50

Power supply voltage: AC/DC 220V+10%

Communication interface: RS485 or RS32

Communication protocol: MODBUS

適用范圍 Scope of application

該電壓保護開關柜適用非煤礦山10kV 電力系統(tǒng)，并可替代電壓互感器柜、專用避雷器柜等。

This voltage protection switchgear is suitable for 10kV power systems in non coal mines and can replace voltage transformer

cabinets, dedicated lightning arrester cabinets, etc.

產(chǎn)品特點 Product Features

1. 電壓保護開關柜是根據(jù)不同用戶的系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進行設計生產(chǎn)

2、消除系統(tǒng)過電壓保護的死區(qū);

3、吸收大能量的系統(tǒng)過電壓;

4、取代了PT 柜，性價比高;

5、實時監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)，對出現(xiàn)的異常運行狀態(tài)做出準確判斷，并及時輸出相應的開關量接點信號，用于報警;

6、工業(yè)標準的RS485 通訊接口，可以向上位機傳送系統(tǒng)的運行狀態(tài)

7、故障追憶功能，顯示近20 次歷史故障記錄;

8、具有良好的電磁兼容性，適合在強電磁干擾的復雜環(huán)境中應用;

9、雙硬件看門狗電路軟件運行的可靠性

10、中文液晶顯示，運行狀態(tài)清晰，菜單式操作，方便易用。

1.Voltage protection switchgear is designed and produced according to the system parameters of different users

2. Eliminate the dead zone of system overvoltage protection;

3. Overvoltage in systems that absorb large amounts of energy;

4. Replaced PT cabinet, with high cost-effectiveness;

5. Real time monitoring of system status, accurate judgment of abnormal operating conditions, and timely output of corresponding switch contact signals for call the police;

6. The industrial standard RS485 communication interface can transmit the operating status of the system to the upper computer

7. Fault recall function, displaying the last 20 historical fault records;

8. Has good electromagnetic compatibility and is suitable for application in complex environments with strong electromagnetic interference;

9. Dual hardware watchdog circuit ensures the reliability of software operation

10. Chinese LCD display, clear operating status, menu style operation, convenient and easy to use.

電壓保護開關柜功能 Voltage protection switchgear function

1、具有電壓互感器柜的功能。

2、電壓保護開關柜在正常運行時，柜內(nèi)微機保護裝置實時不間斷的檢測PT 提供的電壓信號，一旦發(fā)生PT 斷線、過壓、欠壓、低電壓、諧振、

弧光接地等現(xiàn)象，微機保護裝置利用DSP 高速、重復的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力實現(xiàn)傅立葉分析，通過對電壓互感器PT 的二次電壓進行采集、判斷，

及時準確地對系統(tǒng)各種狀態(tài)進行分析判斷出系統(tǒng)的故障情況，并顯示故障類別，輸出相應的接點信號進行報警。同時利用MCU 的強大邏

輯運算能力快速實現(xiàn)液晶顯示，遠程通信和數(shù)據(jù)保護等功能。

3、我國3~35kV 系統(tǒng)中存在以下幾種過電壓: 斷路器動作過程中產(chǎn)生的操作過電壓、電容元件和非線性電感在一定條件下產(chǎn)生的諧振過電壓、雷擊時產(chǎn)生的大氣過電壓和單相接地時產(chǎn)生的弧光過電壓等。目前尚無針對這些過電壓的完整的保護方案，從而會發(fā)生電纜放炮、電動機絕緣擊穿、避雷器爆炸和電壓互感器燒毀等事故。此類事故發(fā)生的原因，除了與系統(tǒng)中安裝的過電壓保護裝置的性能有關外，系統(tǒng)本身的復雜性對過電壓裝置的選擇有著重要的影響，對于不同的系統(tǒng)，選擇過電壓保護時需考慮系統(tǒng)輸電線路的類型，輸配電線路的網(wǎng)絡結構，負載的性質(zhì)和系統(tǒng)的接地方式等等。針對如此復雜的系統(tǒng)，難以孤立的使用某種或某幾種過電壓保護裝置來抑制各種類型的系統(tǒng)過電壓，且這些不同廠家生產(chǎn)的過電壓保護產(chǎn)品，因保護特性不能相互匹配，而無法徹底有效的抑制系統(tǒng)過電壓。

電壓保護開關柜就是針對目前中壓系統(tǒng)過電壓防治的現(xiàn)狀而研制的，該柜可消除系統(tǒng)中過電壓保護元件及裝置的保護死區(qū)，優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)過電壓的保護特性。電壓保護開關柜內(nèi)采用我公司研制生產(chǎn)的專用元件一尖峰過電壓吸收器，能夠有效平緩過電壓的上升前沿并削平電壓尖峰，并能夠耐受過電壓產(chǎn)生的超大能量，該專用元件與本公司生產(chǎn)的過電壓保護器及電壓保護開關柜的保護特性相匹配，可以消除系統(tǒng)過電壓保護的死區(qū)。

電壓保護開關柜在正常運行時，柜內(nèi)智能微機裝置實時不間斷的檢測PT 提供的電壓信號，一旦系統(tǒng)發(fā)生PT 斷線、過電壓、欠壓、失壓、諧振、金屬接地、弧光接地等故障時。智能微機裝置利用DSP 高速、重復的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力實現(xiàn)傅立葉分析，通過對電壓互感器PT 二次過電壓進行采集、判斷，及時準確地對系統(tǒng)各種狀態(tài)進行分析，判斷出系統(tǒng)的故障情況，并顯示故障類別，輸出相應的開關量接點信號。

裝置可以實現(xiàn)遠程通訊和數(shù)據(jù)保護等功能。同時電壓保護開關柜可以加裝微機消諧、小電流接地選線、智能操控等裝置，實現(xiàn)了一機多能，節(jié)省了現(xiàn)場有限的空間。

1. It has all the functions of a voltage transformer cabinet.

2. When the voltage protection switchgear is running normally, the microcomputer protection device inside the cabinet continuously detects the voltage signal provided by the PT in real time. Once PT disconnection, overvoltage, undervoltage, low voltage, resonance, arc grounding and other phenomena occur, the microcomputer protection device uses DSP's high-speed and repetitive data processing capabilities to achieve Fourier analysis.

By collecting and judging the secondary voltage of the voltage transformer PT, it analyzes and judges the various states of the system in a timely and accurate manner, displays the fault category, and outputs corresponding contact signals for alarm. Simultaneously utilizing the powerful logical computing capability of MCU to quickly achieve functions such as LCD display, remote communication, and data protection.

3. There are several types of overvoltage in China's 3-35kV system, including operating overvoltage generated during circuit breaker operation, resonant overvoltage generated by capacitive components and nonlinear inductors under certain conditions, atmospheric overvoltage generated during lightning strikes, and arc overvoltage generated during single-phase grounding. At present, there is no complete protection plan for these overvoltages, which can lead to accidents such as cable blasting, motor insulation breakdown, lightning arrester explosion, and voltage transformer burnout. The causes of such accidents are not only related to the performance of the overvoltage protection devices installed in the system, but also to the complexity of the system itself, which has a significant impact on the selection of overvoltage devices. For different systems, when choosing

overvoltage protection, the type of transmission line, the network structure of the transmission and distribution line, the nature of the load, and the grounding method of the system need to be considered. For such a complex system, it is difficult to isolate the use of one or several overvoltage protection devices to comprehensively suppress various types of system overvoltages, and these overvoltage protection products produced by different manufacturers cannot match each other due to their protection characteristics, making it impossible to completely and effectively suppress system overvoltages.

The voltage protection switchgear is developed to address the current situation of overvoltage prevention and control in medium voltage systems.

This cabinet can eliminate the protection dead zone of overvoltage protection components and devices in the system, and optimize the protection characteristics of system overvoltage. The voltage protection switchgear adopts a specialized component developed and produced by our company, a peak overvoltage absorber, which can effectively smooth out the rising edge of overvoltage and flatten the voltage peak, and can withstand the huge energy generated by overvoltage. This specialized component matches the protection characteristics of the overvoltage protector and voltage protection switchgear produced by our company, and can comprehensively eliminate the dead zone of system overvoltage protection.

When the voltage protection switchgear is operating normally, the intelligent microcomputer device inside the cabinet continuously detects the voltage signal provided by the PT in real time. In the event of PT disconnection, overvoltage, undervoltage, undervoltage, resonance, metal grounding, arc grounding and other faults in the system. The intelligent microcomputer device utilizes the high-speed and repetitive data processing capability of DSP to achieve Fourier analysis. By collecting and judging the secondary overvoltage of the voltage transformer PT, it timely and accurately analyzes various states of the system, determines the fault situation of the system, displays the fault type, and outputs corresponding switch contact signals.

The device can achieve functions such as remote communication and data protection. At the same time, the voltage protection switchgear can be equipped with microcomputer harmonic elimination, low current grounding line selection, intelligent control and other devices, realizing multi energy of one machine and saving limited space on site.

電壓保護開關柜主要元器件及其作用

Main components and their functions of voltage protection switchgear

1、專用電壓互感器

電壓互感器采用專用抗飽和PT，可以可能地避免鐵磁諧振。在運行中給被保護系統(tǒng)提供次電壓和輔助二次電壓信號。

2、專用電壓保護開關柜控制器P-ZK

裝置根據(jù)電壓互感器提供的信號，一旦發(fā)生PT 斷線、過壓、欠壓、低電壓、諧振、弧光接地等現(xiàn)象，微機保護裝置利用DSP 高速、重復的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力實現(xiàn)傅立葉分析，通過對電壓互感器PT 的二次電壓進行采集、判斷，及時準確地對系統(tǒng)各種狀態(tài)進行分析，判斷出系統(tǒng)的故障情況，并顯示故障類別，輸出相應的開關量接點信號，用于報警。同時利用MCU 的強大邏輯運算能力快速實現(xiàn)液晶顯示，遠程通訊和數(shù)據(jù)保護等功能。

3、尖峰過電壓吸收器-SPA

尖峰過電壓吸收器是專門為電壓保護開關柜研制的過電壓保護裝置，能夠抑制過電壓尖峰，該過電壓保護裝置采用特制的氧化鋅閥片，能夠大大降低殘壓值，將相對地和相與相之間的各種過電壓限制在設備絕緣允許的較低的水平。2ms 的方波電流可以達到3200A。

4、高壓隔離開關

用來控制電壓保護開關柜的投入和退出，在電壓保護開關柜需要檢修或調(diào)試時，與系統(tǒng)隔離并形成明顯的斷開點。

5、一次消諧器 -XX

HYD-XX一次消諧器能夠消除電壓互感器產(chǎn)生的鐵磁諧振。限制電壓互感器一次繞組的激磁電流突增防止因電壓互感器一次繞組電流增加，熔斷器熔斷后因能量不足不能滅弧引發(fā)的母線短路事故。

裝置安裝在PT 中性點與地之間，采用了正溫度技術，利用電阻的阻尼作用，可破壞其諧振條件，使諧振消除。在正常運行狀態(tài)下電阻為0，不改變PT 的零序回路，因此不會影響互感器的測量精度，也不會放大中性點不平衡電壓; 在諧振發(fā)生時，電阻趨于∞，相當于互感器不接地，也就破壞了零序諧振回路。

6、瞬時開關 PTK

并聯(lián)與一次消諧器上。正常工作時，合閘狀態(tài)。當系統(tǒng)發(fā)生諧振過電壓，控制器發(fā)出指令，PTK 迅速打開，投入一次消諧器。限制過電壓。

1. Specialized voltage transformer

voltage transformers use dedicated anti saturation PT, which can minimize ferromagnetic resonance as much as possible. Provide secondary voltage and auxiliary secondary voltage signals to the protected system during operation.

2. Special voltage protection switchgear controller

Based on the signal provided by the voltage transformer, once PT disconnection, overvoltage, undervoltage, low voltage, resonance, arc grounding and other phenomena occur, the microcomputer protection device uses DSP's high-speed and repetitive data processing capabilities to achieve Fourier analysis. By collecting and judging the secondary voltage of the voltage transformer PT, it analyzes various system states in a timely and accurate manner, determines the fault situation of the system, displays the fault category, outputs corresponding switch contact signals for alarm. Simultaneously utilizing the powerful logical computing capability of MCU to quickly achieve functions such as LCD display, remote communication, and data protection.

3. Peak overvoltage absorber -SPA

The peak overvoltage absorber is an overvoltage protection device specially developed for voltage protection switchgear, which can suppress overvoltage spikes. The overvoltage protection device uses a specially designed zinc oxide valve plate, which can greatly reduce residual voltage values and limit various overvoltages between relative ground and phase to phase to the lower level allowed by equipment insulation. A square wave current of 2ms can reach 3200A.

4. High voltage isolation switch

Used to control the input and output of voltage protection switchgear. When the voltage protection switchgear needs maintenance or debugging, it is isolated from the system and forms a clear disconnection point.

5. One time harmonic eliminator XX

The XX primary harmonic eliminator can eliminate the ferromagnetic resonance generated by voltage transformers. Limiting the sudden increase in excitation current of the primary winding of a voltage transformer to prevent busbar short circuit accidents caused by insufficient energy to extinguish the arc after the fuse is blown due to the increase in current of the primary winding of the voltage transformer.

The device is installed between the PT neutral point and ground, using positive temperature technology and utilizing the damping effect of resistors to disrupt its resonance conditions and eliminate resonance. In normal operation, the resistance is 0 and does not change the zero sequence circuit of the PT, so it will not affect the measurement accuracy of the transformer and will not amplify the neutral point unbalanced voltage; When resonance occurs, the resistance tends to infinity, which is equivalent to the transformer not being grounded, thus destroying the zero sequence resonant circuit.

6. Instantaneous switch PTK

Parallel connection with a primary harmonic eliminator. When working normally, it is in the closed state. When the system experiences resonance overvoltage, the controller issues a command and the PTK quickly opens, activating the primary harmonic eliminator. Limit overvoltage.